Eleoteic circuit



(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 1 J, B. WOOD.

ELECTRIC GIRGUIT. No.'394,946. Patented Deo. 18, `1888.

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(N Model.) 4 sheetssneet 2,

J. B. WJOOD.

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT.,

Patented Dec. 18,l 1888;

(No Model.) 4 sheets-#sheet a.

J. B. WOOD.

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT.

No. 394,946. Patented Dec. I18, 1888.

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ELECTRIC CIRCUIT.

No. 894,946. Patented Dec. 18, 1888.

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ELECTRIC CIRCUIT.

SPECIFICATION formlng part of Letters Patent No. 394,946, dated December 18, 1888.

Application tiled May 2l, 1887. Serial No.238,947. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, il? may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN BAXTER IVOOD, of the city of Montreal, in the districtof Montreal and Province of Quebec, Canada, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric Circuits and Connections thereof; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention has reference to certain improvements in the circuits used in telephoning and telegraphing, by which, without the use of a central ot'tice, electrical connections may be made between any two of the stations connected therewith-that is to say, in the same circuit-and disconnected at will with.- out calling any other station or location than the one desired, which will enable a large I number ot' instruments (each instrument being a location or station in a diiterent location) to be attached upon the said circuit, and any one instrument at any station or location maybe connected with any other instrument at any other station or location in the same circuit at will.

The particular features which constitute the present invention will be hereinafter set forth, described, and claimed.

In the drawings hereunto annexed similar letters ot' reference indicate like parts.

Figure I shows a diagram of a construction ot' a circuit embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan ot' a center' second tly-back stopwatch mechanism. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing two of the stations or locations shown in Fig. l. Fig. Je is a diagram ot' a modification ot the circuit shown in Fig. l. liig. 5 is adiagram showing a moi'liiication of the mechanism shown in Fi 2, the section therein shown being taken on line a, Fig. (i. Fig. G is a plan ot the mechanism situated behind the front ot' the casing shown in Figj. Figs. 7, S, and E) are details of construction.

Letter A is an ordinary metallic circuit running through any desired .number otl stations or locations in di t't'erent situations which it is desired to connect together inv circuit.

B is a closed circuit connected with battery C, also ruiming through each station or location tha-t the circuit A passes through, or, in other words, A and B form two circuits pass- I I i ing through a large or any desired number of stations or locations.

D is a push-button, one of which will be provided at each station or location that is connected with the circuit. By pressing the button D, I break the circuit B, shown in Fig. 3; or as shown in Fig. l, I break the circuits A and B and I connect one end of the circuit A with one end of the circuit B. The other end of the circuit A is thereby connected with the ground-wire E, the other end of the circuit B being connected with the groundwire F. Now, the current of battery C is thrown along the circuit, passingthrough the magnets H H and G G, and thence on through all the stations or locations, returning to the battery, as shown in Figs. l., 3, and 4, or else being` grounded by wire E, as shown in Fig. l. The opening and closing of the armatures I and T by their respective magnets is thus caused to operate upon the knobs K and C and causes the starting, stopping, and flying back to zero ot' the hand or connector N. Thus one pressure on the button D causes all the armatures I in each of the stations or locations to press upon the knobs K in each station or locati on, (for it must be understood that I each of the stations or locations connected in one circuit willbe provided with the mechanism shown in station I, Fig. l, or stations lin Figs. 3 and l, with the exception ot the batteries C and U, which will be provided at one station or location only,) and causes the hands or rotating connectors N to start. By a second pressure of the button D the hands or rotating connectorsN will be all stopped, and

by a third pressure of the buttonD the hands will all tly back to zero, in which position they are shown in the drawings. The manner in which the said mechanism L accomplishes the above is the same as that in which the hand inlan ordinary Swiss center second yback stop-watch is caused to do this, or as shown by the mechanism illustrated in Figs. 5 to 9, inclusively, which will be hereinafter eX- plained. By pressing on the button V the heavy battery U is brought into circuit, oper IOO circuit B. The closing of the armature T closes points A and opens points B, thus cutting out the magnets II I'I while the magnets G G are in use, and causing them to press and operate the knobs C', which at all times causes the flying back to zero ot' all the hands or rotating connectors N. But this said heavy battery is not an absolute necessity. I only pro- 'vide it for greater convenience. Around the circumference oi' the dialb2 ot' the said watch mechanism L is placed a sufficient quantity ot' numbers, to give a separate number to each station or location that is connected in the circuit, and as the hands or rotating` connectors N, which I use as a direct electrical connector, reach the number on the dials of the mechanisms L which represents the station o r location desired to be connnunicated with, the second pressure on the button l) is given. This causes a second pressure el' the armatures I on the knobs K, whereby all the hands or rotating connectors N are stopped and raised to form a connection with the insulated point a2 uponv the end ot a wire, O, over the mechanism I. (or in front of it, as the case maybe) in the station or location desired, as will be hereinafter more particularlyv described, mak ing a direct connection in the said desired station or location through the line O to the ground I) with a signal or call-bell, Y, or other electrical instrument that may be placed thereon. lYhen this is arranged as shown in Figs. 3 and i, the bell Y will ring until the telephone Q is taken oli' its hook R; or, it' arranged as shown in Fig. i, the call or bell will ring as long as the second pressure on the button D is continued; or, in other words, the said call can be arranged in any manner well known to electricians and as at present in ordinary use.

As shown in the drawings, there are in eircuit six stations or locations; consequently there are six numbers on the dials l? in each station or location; and at the number on the dial b2 which represents the number ot' the station or location there is situated in each station or location an insulated point, u2.v

This will. be understood by Figs. 3 and i, where in station li. the insulated point u2 is at l on the dial b2, and at station 2 the said insulated point is at 2 on the said dial, and so on it will be arranged Afor each of the stations or locations.

Q is an ordinary telepho11e-trumpet, the taking oit o't' which from the hook R opens the flexible points S and closes the flexible points S. In Figs. 3 and -i the circuit B passes through the iiexible contact-points S, the closing o' points S causing its current ot' electricity to pass through the transmitter Y and induction-coil Y2, or by taking oft the telephones Q at the stations or locations calling and called a direct connection for speaking purposes is made upon the wire A, as shown in Fig. 3, or upon the wire B in Fig. 4. Then the circuits are arranged as shown in Figs. l and 3, each of the stations or locations is provided with a button, I), magnets G (i and Il II, arnmtures I and T, also the mechanism L, call-bell Y, and telephone; but when the circuit is arranged as shown in Fig. l the magnets (i (l land armatures T are dispensed with.

In one station or location only it is necessary to place, in addition to the above, the batteries (l and YU and buttonfV. These may be placed in any one station or location oi the circuits that is desired; yet, it it is so desired, a battery maybe placed in each station or location, such being done in a similar way as in ordinary use at present.

In speaking ot' stations or locatiims I wish itl to be understood that the same may be either close together or many miles distant from each other, just as desired.

Battery lf is a heavy battm-y, which need only be used should the hands or rotating connectors N in the various mechanisms L at the several stations or locations connected with the circuits A and B become disz'u'ranged with regard to having all ot' them properly returned to Zero, should for any reason they fail to do so. By pressing on the button Y, I open circuit A, as shown in Fig. i, or circuit B, as shown in Fig. 23, thus throwin the said battery into circuit and causing the armatures T to be operated by the magnets G G and operate the knobs C', the etiect ot' which will be hereinafter described.

Although, as shown in Figs. l and il and the description hereinabove relating thereto, two circuits, A and B, are used, yet, as shown in Fig. 4, but one circuit, B, need be employed. This is done in the following manner: The circuit B is opened and the ends ot' it attached to each end ot' the battery (l. I open the circuit at about the position oij the button I), the opening and (dosing oi the circuit at that point attracting and releasing armatures IA Qidol, June 2i, A. D. 1887,) only in so tar as it contains a rotating hand or electrical connector N, which is started, stopped, and in being stopped is elevated or moved forward, and thus makes a good connection between the wires M and t), as shown in Figs. land 5, and alfter the connection between the wires M and t) is no longer required it is caused to fly back to zero, where it remains while not in use. l

Before describing the mechanism shown in Figs to 9, inclusively,I wish to make the following general remarks: A center second fly-back stop-watch is, as I might say, in a watch an independent movement or mechan- IOO IOS

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www fr ism t'rom the time-keeping mechanism, (in many cases being driven by an independent inainspring,) lwhich stands at rest with its hand at zero, and is used chieliy for racing purposes, so as to get the exact starting-time, tinish, and intervening time. ln stopping, it is placed out of contact with the timekeeping' mechanism. it contains a rotating hand which may be started, stopped, and returned to zero at a bound, and as the hand in stopping is 'aised to a higher level or thrown to a more forward position than that at which it is rotated, the said hand can be made to press against the insulated ends ot the wires M and O, as shown in Fig. 5, and made to form a good connection Vfor currents of electricity; and as a watch mechanism is one that contains a verylight action it can be operated by a very light current ot' electricity, thus becoming specially useful for such purposes; lalso, as the rotating wheel (hereinafter described) will only be geared or thrown into friction and motion at the longest time tor not more than thirty or sixty seconds, no perceptible variation in the time ot its rotation can occur between the number of movements in a circuit of sta-tions or locations. As asingle knob or push-point alone is necessary to accomplish all three motions-viz., starting, stopping, and flying back to zerombut one battery alone need be used, which I also use tor the further purpose of signaling upon a callbell, which is placed out otA circuit and is only brought into circuit through the hand or rotating connector when itis stopped andV brought to bear against its insulated point in its own station or location, and on the taking ott' ot' the .ielephoue-trumpet l'rom its hook the same battery can be made use of for the' telephone-transmitter. As the hand can be started and stopped without stopping any of the watch or ti ine-keeping movement, the liability ot the watch not starting again is done away with, and this there is great danger of at all times it the time-keeping movement or watch mechanism is stopped, particularly when the mainspring is partly or nearly run down.

The mechanism shown in Figs. 5 to 9, inclusively, may be shortly described as follows:

d5 is an ordinary casin In the upper space lr, is situated a watch or other mechanism. (Not shown because it only bears the same relation to the mechanism that a steam-cngine or other motor does to the mechanism it is arranged to give motion to.) If the motor is a watch mechanism, then ot' such mechanism U is the ordinary minute gear-wheel and axle, d3, journaled in the casing ai in an ordinary vm anner; or, it' other motors are used, then h3 is a wheel, and d3 an axle arranged to revolve continuously at the speed of about one or two revolutions per minute. On the axle a3 is secured a knife-edged toothed gearwheel c3.

c3 is an axle provided with a knife-edge gear-wheel d3. This wheel d3 and axle e3 are shaped cam, mi.

situated so that when the wheel d3 is moved to the position of line lyg in Fig. 5 it intermeshes with the wheel c3 and is revolved thereby. The axle c3 extends through the casing d5 at points f3, and has secured upon it a flanged collet, 715", and an ordinary heart- (Sec Figs. and 9.)

Z3 is a head provided with a knife-edge to press upon the periphery of the cam m3.

'i3 is a spring, to the upper end of which is attached the said head Z3, the lower end ot' the spring beingI secured to casing u or any suitable projection thereot'.

On the part of the axle c which extends through the front ot' the casing H" is secured a hand or rotating connector, N, provided with electric point d 0n the said hand is formed a projection, al, which, as shown, appears to Aform a continuation of' the said axle c3, but which is an electrical point.

y is a spring-bar, one end otf which is entered between the tlanges ol the collet 71;", and the other end is gripped in a rest, D, which holds it rigidly from any longitudinal and transverse motion, while by its Aflexibility it is enabled to move Freely bzmkward and l'orward or up and down, as the ease may be.

D? is an axle on which is secured a double wheel or two wheels, D and li. 'lhe axle and wheels are situated so that a portion oli' the wheel U* will come immediately at the back or under the spring-bar g3. The edge of the wheel hg is cut in the form ot teeth ot' equal length in a similar manner that a verge watchwheel is cut; but in the present case these teeth are ot' unequal height. They are cut in sets ot'three teeth, marked l, 2, and (See Figs. 5 and 7.) lThe bottoms ot' all the teeth l are at an equal height with one another; so, also, are the bottoms of those marked 2 and 3.

The spring-bar g3 is provided with a pawl, c5, attached securely thereon or made integral therewith. The pointof thispawlis arranged to rest in the bottom ot' the teeth l, 2, and 3, as shown in Fig. 5. It is resting at the bottom ot' one ot the teeth l. lf the wheel L8 is turned round in the direction ot' the arrow in Fig. 7 the amount ot one tooth, it will cause the spring-bar g3 to rise to the position of line Fig. 5, and move the axle e3 and wheel cl3 to the line r3, in which position it will intermesh with the wheel c3 and be rotated thereby; also the hand N. It' the wheel B8 is again moved round the amount otl one tooth, it will bring the point of the pawl to rest at the bottom ot' one of the teeth 3, which, being at a greater height, will move the spring-bar g3 to the position shown by the dotted line m2. This moves the wheel cl3 to the position in front, above, or beyonch out of contact with the wheel c3, as shown by the position indicated in front of the line @/3 in dotted lines in Fig. 5, and in this position it is no longer rotated by the wheel c3.

s3 is a knife-edged stop situated on the casing a5, so that just as the wheel cl3 is moved IOO IIO

forward beyond contact with the wheel ci* it l is caught and retained inv the position it has been rotated to by the wheel c. By moving the wheel if* the amount ot another tooth the pawl is again brought to the bottoni of one of the teeth l, which causes the wheel d3 and axle e* to be again lowered to the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 5, whereupon by the action of the spring i3 pressing the head L", turns the wheel h the amount ot' one ot' upon the periphery of the cam nl the hand X is caused to iiy back to Zero.

I will now descriljle how the wheels b3 and b9 are to be operated to actuate the spring-bar g3, and thus cause the above-described results.

E* is a spring-bar attachcal to knob K, pro vided with a pawl, l1", arranged to engage with the teeth l, i, and I3 of the wheel t8. This carried in a guide, G1, attached and suitably situated on the back otl the casing a5. The bar E" is pl'ovided with two collars or other stops, H4, so arranged that they will allow the bar E" to move longitudinallythe amount required for the pawl FJt to revolve thc Wheel bs the amount ot' one ot the teeth l, 2, or 3, as the case may be. A spring, I4, may be provided, as shown, to return the sln'iug-bar E to the position shown in Fig. 7, ready t'or the next operation ol" the magnets H H upon the armature l; or the bar E" is attached to the armature. Any motion ol' the wheel t in a reverse direct ion which would be caused by the return ol' the spri 11g-bar El is prevented by the pawl ot the spring-bar o.

l would here remark that the magnets ll Il are made ot as light resistance as possible.

`\Vith regz'trd to the wheel Z1" and the means b v which it is operated, lx'.t a sln'ing-bar provided with a pawl, L", to act on the teeth o ot' the wheel o. lhis bar is carried in a guide, (l, and is provided with stops ll and a spring, l, il desiretl, exactly similar to those otf the bar E, and is operateiil in the same way by the magnets 1V G (which are heavy resistance) and armature T that the spring-bar El is by the magnets l'l H and arn'iature I.

It has been he'reinbet'ore mentioned that for each set ol teeth in the wheel bg there is one tooth on the wheel o, and t'or the purpose ot giving the three described positions to the wheel il there are three teeth in each set ot' teeth, oi three diilerent heiglits, the teeth on the wheel b9 being' so arranged that each time the pawl 1*" comes to the bottom ot one of thc teeth l on the wheel bs the pawl L will come to the bottom of a tooth oLl on the wheel U). Now should, for any reason,

the nflechanisms in the various stat-ions or locations in a circuit have become deranged, so that the hands N do not all properly stand at zero, it is only necessary to send a current of electricity through the magnets G G, which, by the arnntture '.l, springbar K4, and pawl t-he teeth o, and thus brings simultaneouslyT all the hands or rotatingI connectors N to zero.`

that I claim, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. The eoinbii'lation, with a circuit t'or telephonic, telegraphic, or electrical purposes, ot' a connector ateach station, comprising a dial with a contact-point connected to a ground branch including a signal-instrument, said contactpoint having' a different circumferential position from that at the dial of any other station, and a hand or pointer rotated at will by the center second ily-back stop mechanism l at a different level .trom that at which it is stopped, substantially as described.

2. In a station call apparatus, a dial havin g a comlection for a signal branch and -a rotatable hand to make connection therewith, in combination with the stepped ratchet and operating mechanism ot' the fly-back stop mechanism, substantially as described.

S. A teleplmne-station apparatus consisting ot' the ily-back rotatable hand t'or connecting the line to the signal-bell branch, a telephone transmitter, receiver, and induction-coil, the switeh-hook t'or makin and breaki n the telephone and signal circuits, and an operatingbattery and push-lnitton in the circuit, in combinatitm, as (h escribed.

4. In combination, a tcleplunic-call apparatus oonsistin ot' a rotating' connector, a transmit-ter, a receiver, and hook, and an induetion coil, in connection with a closed circuit and a metallic circuit extending through a number ot' stations or locations ol such telephones, an d magnets G, with the battery ot' said closed circuit placed in any one ot' said stations or locations an d arranged to actu ate any or all of the said stations or locations, as described.

JOHN l. XVOOI).

lV itn esscs:

(Tramites G. J. smlrsoN, J. A. GRENIER.

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